Vigilancia activa en cáncer de próstata en un grupo de pacientes asistidos en el Centro Docente Asociado de Oncología Médica Rivera: Cooperativa Médica de Rivera (COMERI) / Active surveillance in prostate cancer in a group of patients assisted at the Rivera Associated Teaching Center for Medical Oncology: Rivera Medical Cooperative (COMERI) / Vigilância ativa do câncer de próstata em um grupo de pacientes atendidos no Rivera Associated Teaching Center for Medical Oncology: Rivera Medical Cooperative (COMERI)

Introducción: En Uruguay el cáncer de próstata ocupa el primer lugar en incidencia y el tercer lugar en mortalidad en el hombre. La mayoría de estos cánceres se diagnostican en estadios precoces. Hoy en día, para pacientes con adenocarcinoma de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, la vigilancia activa es una opción adecuada. Objetivos: Describir una población de pacientes con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, en vigilancia activa en COMERI. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, tratados entre 2010 y 2018 en COMERI. Se recopilaron datos en el sistema de registro clínico electrónico. Resultados: Se incluyeron 33 pacientes, la mediana de edad al diagnóstico fue de 74 años. Todos los pacientes fueron sometidos a controles clínicos y determinación de PSA cada 3 meses. El tacto rectal se realizó en forma anual. El tiempo mediano de vigilancia activa fue de 33 meses. Durante el seguimiento, se observaron pocas variaciones en los valores de PSA. El 21% de los pacientes fue sometido a una nueva biopsia durante el seguimiento activo, y en todos los casos, el Gleason se mantuvo incambiado. Ningún paciente abandonó la modalidad de vigilancia activa. Conclusión: En nuestro entorno, la vigilancia activa se considera una opción terapéutica válida para pacientes altamente seleccionados con cáncer de próstata de muy bajo riesgo, bajo riesgo o riesgo intermedio favorable, y es bien aceptada por ellos.

Introduction: In Uruguay, prostate cancer ranks first in incidence and third in mortality among men. The majority of these cancers are diagnosed at early stages. Nowadays, active surveillance is an appropriate option for patients with adenocarcinoma of very low risk, low risk, or favorable intermediate risk. Objectives: To describe a population of patients with prostate cancer of very low risk, low risk, or favorable intermediate risk under active surveillance at COMERI. Materials and Methods: Descriptive, observational, retrospective study. Patients with prostate cancer of very low risk, low risk, or favorable intermediate risk treated between 2010 and 2018 at COMERI were included. Data were collected from the electronic clinical registry system. Results: Thirty-three patients were included, with a median age at diagnosis of 74 years. All patients underwent clinical monitoring and PSA determination every 3 months. Digital rectal examination was performed annually. The median time of active surveillance was 33 months. During follow-up, there were few variations in PSA values. 21% of patients underwent a repeat biopsy during active surveillance, and in all cases, the Gleason score remained unchanged. No patient discontinued active surveillance. Conclusion: In our setting, active surveillance is considered a valid therapeutic option for highly selected patients with prostate cancer of very low risk, low risk, or favorable intermediate risk, and it is well accepted by them.

Introdução: No Uruguai, o câncer de próstata ocupa o primeiro lugar em incidência e o terceiro lugar em mortalidade entre os homens. A maioria desses cânceres é diagnosticada em estágios precoces. Atualmente, para pacientes com adenocarcinoma de risco muito baixo, baixo risco ou risco intermediário favorável, a vigilância ativa é uma opção adequada. Objetivos: Descrever uma população de pacientes com câncer de próstata de risco muito baixo, baixo risco ou risco intermediário favorável sob vigilância ativa em COMERI. Material e métodos: Estudo descritivo, observacional, retrospectivo. Foram incluídos pacientes com câncer de próstata de risco muito baixo, baixo risco ou risco intermediário favorável, tratados entre 2010 e 2018 em COMERI. Os dados foram coletados no sistema de registro clínico eletrônico. Resultados: Foram incluídos 33 pacientes, com mediana de idade no diagnóstico de 74 anos. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a controles clínicos e determinação de PSA a cada 3 meses. O toque retal foi realizado anualmente. O tempo médio de vigilância ativa foi de 33 meses. Durante o acompanhamento, houve poucas variações nos valores de PSA. 21% dos pacientes foram submetidos a uma nova biópsia durante a vigilância ativa, e em todos os casos, o Gleason permaneceu inalterado. Nenhum paciente abandonou a modalidade de vigilância ativa. Conclusão: Em nosso ambiente, a vigilância ativa é considerada uma opção terapêutica válida para pacientes altamente selecionados com câncer de próstata de risco muito baixo, baixo risco ou risco intermediário favorável, e é bem aceita por eles.

Research advances in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy / 中华神经科杂志

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the peripheral nervous system mediated by cellular and humoral immunity, characterized by limb weakness and sensory impairment. The main feature of CIDP by electrophysiological and pathological examinations is the demyelination of peripheral nerves. First-line treatment for CIDP includes glucocorticoids, intravenous immunoglobulins, and plasmapheresis. Some patients respond to current treatment not well and have a poor prognosis. Progress in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of CIDP worldwide was reviewed in this article, aiming to provide references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CIDP.

Fatty acid metabolomic profile of frail patients in the elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the metabolic profile of fatty acids in elderly frail patients, and its value as a biomarker of frailty.Methods:Forty-nine older adults were recruited, of whom 19 were non-frail while 15 were in the pre-frail or frail phase.Targeted metabolomics was used to detect the serum levels of fatty acids, concerning 38 short-, medium-and long-chain fatty acids.Results:Metabolomics indicated elevated levels of 9 long-chain fatty acids in the serum of the elderly frail patients, with a 1.056-fold increase in the risk of fatigue for every 1 unit increase in the level of HOMO-γ-linolenic acid( OR=2.056, P=0.016). No metabolic differences were found between the pre-frail and non-frail groups.Three and seven long-chain fatty acids were negatively correlated with the grip strength and gait speed, respectively.The γ-linolenic acid was positively correlated with body mass index(BMI), percent body fat, visceral fat area and other indicators reflecting adipose tissue.However, no correlation was found between skeletal muscle, laboratory indicators or fatty acids.Five metabolic pathways were correlated with frailty, namely fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, fatty acid elongation in mitochondria, linoleic acid metabolism and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Conclusions:Nine unsaturated fatty acids, including HOMO-γ-linolenic acid and γ-linolenic acid, may be potential biomarkers of frailty in the elderly.However, the value of fatty acid metabolomics for identifying pre-frail elderly people needs to be further investigated.

Role of liquid biopsy in early screening and curative effect monitoring and prognosis of gastric cancer / 国际外科学杂志

Gastric cancer is a common cancer in digestive system in China. It′s in the forefront of cancer in terms of morbidity and case fatality, posing a great threat to people′s health. With the advent of the era of precision medicine, the treatment of each patient with gastric cancer must follow the principle of individualization. However, individualized treatment is based on the development of biomarkers. Liquid biopsy has been reported to be a biomarker capable of detecting information about tumorigenesis and progression, and has been suggested as a useful tool for personalized treatment. Compared with traditional "tissue biopsy" , liquid biopsy has significant advantages because it is noninvasive and painless, reduces cost and time for diagnosis, and could be used for diagnosis, prognosis, prediction of disease progression, or as a surrogate marker of response to treatment.For this purpose, the author will review the related detection techniques of liquid biopsy and its role in early screening, efficacy evaluation and recurrence monitoring of gastric cancer.

Peripheral blood biological markers for early screening in children with autism spectrum disorder / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the specifity of amyloid precursor protein(APP), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)and gamma aminobutyric acid(GABA) in peripheral blood in children with autism spectrum disorder, so as to explore the biomarkers for early screening of ASD and its relationship with the severity of ASD.@*Methods@#A total of 41 children diagnosed with autism from January to December 2019 were enrolled in the ASD group. Meanwhile, 41 healthy children with normal growth and development who were examined in the same period were selected as control group. And the sera total sAPP, sAPP α, sAPP β, BDNF and GABA of all participants were tested by sensitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method, and were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#The serum sAPP level in ASD group(2 132.98±333.28 ng/mL) was higher than control group(1 734.76 ±357.97 ng/mL),the serum sAPP α level(335.11±33.87 pg/mL) was higher than control group(274.84±32.12 pg/mL) and the serum GABA level(4.17±0.95 μmol/L)was lower than control group(6.35±0.84 μmol/L). GABA level (4.17±0.95 μmol/L) was lower than that of control group (6.35±0.84 μmol/L), the differences were statistically significant ( t =3.92, 4.25, -7.27, P < 0.05 ). In addition, the serum GABA level in children with severe ASD (3.48±0.77 μmol/L)was lower than children with mild to moderate (4.94±0.98 μmol/L).The difference was significant ( t =-3.31, P <0.05). ROC curve showed that total sAPP( AUC = 0.77 ,95% CI =0.66-0.87), sAPP α( AUC =0.77,95%CI=0.67-0.87), and GABA ( AUC =0.95,95% CI =0.90-0.93)had diagnostic efficacy for ASD( P <0.05), among which the AUC of GABA was the largest (0.95)and its sensitivity(85.65%) and specificity(80.76%) were the highest. The results of binary Logistic regression showed that the abnormal expression of sAPPα ( OR =1.04,95% CI = 1.00- 1.07) and GABA( OR =0.02,95% CI =0.00-0.32) were associated with risk for ASD( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Considering the specific change of total sAPP, sAPPα andGABA in peripheral blood in ASD children, total sAPP, sAPP α and GABA can be considered as promising biomarkers in the early diagnosis of ASD, among which GABA has the highest sensitivity and specificity.

Research progress in detection and clinical significance of three envelope proteins of hepatitis B virus / 中华检验医学杂志

The pre-S/S gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV) can encode for the production of large, medium and small surface protein. Different protein expression levels and their composition ratios have certain influences on the diagnosis, treatment and outcome of HBV infection. It is of great significance to clarify the functions of large, medium and small surface protein as serum markers and to explore their value in the diagnosis and treatment of HBV infection. In this paper, the expression status, detection methods and clinical significance of the three HBV proteins were reviewed.

The role of microglia in Alzheimer′s disease / 中华神经科杂志

At present, many drugs were developed based on the main pathological feature of Alzheimer′s disease (AD): "β-amyloid cascade hypothesis and abnormal tau protein aggregation" as targets, but the efficacy is unsatisfactory. With the progress on the study of pathological mechanism of AD, the role of microglia and their related expression genes, such as TREM2, CD 33, ABCA7 gene and their related signal transduction pathways in the pathological mechanism of AD has been paid more and more attention. The study on AD biomarkers and therapeutic targets based on microglia and their related expression genes has also increased significantly. This review will mainly focus on the pathophysiology of microglia, the mechanism of microglia in AD, the biomarkers related to microglia and the drug treatment of AD.

An investigation into clinical significance of serum chitinase 3-like protein 1 in pemphigus vulgaris / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To detect the serum level of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) in patients with pemphigus vulgaris, and to analyze its correlation with the severity of pemphigus vulgaris.Methods:From January 2017 to May 2018, serum samples were collected from 38 patients with pemphigus vulgaris in Department of Dermatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, and those collected from 14 age-, gender- and body mass index-matched healthy volunteers served as controls. Serum levels of YKL-40 and Th1/Th2/Th17-related cytokines were detected by using Luminex ? 200 TM system. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare serum levels of cytokines between the patient group and control group; binary logistic regression was used to investigate factors independently related to the severity of pemphigus vulgaris; a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity were calculated to evaluate the ability of YKL-40 to predict the severity of pemphigus vulgaris. Results:Compared with the control group, the patient group showed significantly increased serum levels of YKL-40 (expressed as median[ Q1, Q3]: 15.22 [14.19, 15.93] vs. 13.64 [13.21, 14.63]μg/L, z=-3.88, P < 0.05) , interleukin (IL) -6 (2.05 [1.49, 4.21] vs. 1.57[1.38, 1.75]ng/L, z=-2.44, P < 0.05) , IL-7 (7.45[5.63, 11.63] vs. 3.77[2.21, 5.97]ng/L, z=-3.26, P < 0.05], IL-8 (6.59[3.60, 14.73] vs. 4.36[2.96, 6.53]ng/L, z=-1.96, P < 0.05) , IL-2R-α (509.08 [386.36, 757.67] vs. 336.44[309.86, 458.71]ng/L, z=-2.35, P < 0.05) , and C5a (100.35 [78.31, 140.84] vs. 72.08 [37.23, 82.08] ng/L, z = -3.04, P < 0.05) . The concentration of serum YKL-40 gradually decreased along with the reduction of lesion areas ( r = 0.63, P < 0.001) , and YKL-40 was independently correlated with the severity of pemphigus vulgaris ( P = 0.025, OR = 46.54, 95% CI: 1.61, 1 347.19) . The area under the curve of YKL-40 was 0.783 (95% CI: 0.613, 0.953) for distinguishing between patients with severe to extremely severe pemphigus vulgaris and those with mild to moderate pemphigus vulgaris. Conclusion:The serum level of YKL-40 is strongly correlated with the severity of pemphigus vulgaris, and has a potential value in predicting the severity of this disease.

Analysis of Differential Proteins Related to Platelet Activation in Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia Based on Label-Free Quantitative Technology / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analysis the specific protein markers of essential thrombocythemia (ET) based on proteomics technology, to explore and verify the differential protein related to platelet activation.@*METHODS@#Blood samples were obtained from ET patients and healthy people and a certain protein mass spectrometry was detected using label-free quantitative technology. The proteins relative abundance increased or down-regulated by 1.3 times in the disease group compared with the control group, and the protein abundance in the two groups t test P＜0.05 were defined as differential proteins. Bioinformatics analysis of the differential proteins was performed using GO and KEGG. The difference in the average protein abundance between the two groups was analyzed by t test and P＜0.05 was considered statistically significant. Differential proteins were selected for verification by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) technology.@*RESULTS@#A total of 140 differential proteins were found, of which 72 were up-regulated and 68 were down-regulated. KEGG enrichment showed that the differential protein expression was related to the platelet activation pathway. The differential proteins related to platelet activation were GPV, COL1A2, GP1bα, COL1A1 and GPVI. Among them, the expressions of GPV, GP1bα and GPVI were up-regulated, and the expressions of COL1A2 and COL1A1 were down-regulated. PRM verification of COL1A1, GP1bα, GPVI and GPV was consistent with LFP proteomics testing.@*CONCLUSION@#Differential proteins in ET patients are related to platelet activation pathway activation.Differential proteins such as GPV, GPVI, COL1A1 and GP1bα can be used as new targets related to ET platelet activation.

Clinicopathological features of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, gene mutation and prognosis of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast (AdCC).Methods:A total of 12 cases of AdCC samples archived at Linyi Cancer Hospital from January 2008 to December 2021 were collected, including 8 cases of classic adenoid cystic carcinoma (C-AdCC) and 4 cases of solid-basaloid adenoid cystic carcinoma (SB-AdCC). Histomorphology, immunohistochemicstry and molecular genetics were performed to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis of AdCC.Results:C-AdCC patients grew in the shape of beam-tubuler and cribriform architecture, with characteristic structures of true and pseudoadenoid lumen; SB-AdCC patients grew in nests and solid, with moderate to severe atypia, necrosis and high mitotic count. Immunohistochemistry showed that CK7, CK5/6, p63 and S-100 were expressed in 8 cases of C-AdCC, and CD117 and CD10 were diffusely expressed in 4 cases of SB-AdCC. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed that 3 C-AdCC patients had MYB gene break. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed NOTCH1 gene mutation was detected in 2 SB-AdCC patients. No lymph node metastasis was observed in 8 patients with C-AdCC, but 2 had postoperative lymph node metastasis in 4 patients with SB-AdCC.Conclusions:C-AdCC mainly grows in beam-tubular and sieve shape, with low-grade atypia and good prognosis. Some cases have MYB-NFIB fusion gene. SB-AdCC mainly shows nest-mass, solid growth, moderate to severe atypia, necrosis and mitosis (>5/10 high power field) as well as poor prognosis; some patients have NOTCH1 gene mutation.

Research progress on single-molecule array technology-based blood neuronal markers for Alzheimer's disease / 中华老年医学杂志

Early detection and intervention is an important strategy for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD). Blood screening for AD has advantages such as low cost and convenient sample collection.However, there are also problems such as low levels of markers in peripheral blood and insufficient sensitivity of detection methods.At present, as a highly sensitive detection technology for protein molecules, single-molecule array(Simoa)technology can accurately analyze low-concentration biomarkers that cannot be detected by traditional methods.This article reviews research progress on blood neuronal markers for early AD diagnosis based on the new Simoa technology.

Research progress in biological markers of perinatal depression / 中国药科大学学报

@#Perinatal depression, one of the most common complications in the perinatal period, has a significant impact on the physical and mental health of mothers and children.At present, it is difficult to diagnose perinatal depression at an early stage, so objective and effective biomarkers are of great significance for the early detection and treatment of perinatal depression. In recent years, the exploration of biomarkers for early diagnosis of perinatal depression has become a hot research topic, mainly in sex hormones, neuroendocrine-related hormones, immuno-inflammatory molecules, genetics, and epigenetics.This article reviews the research progress of the biomarkers of perinatal depression in recent years.

Research progress on the function and mechanism of FEZF1-AS1 in colon cancer / 国际外科学杂志

Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor in the world, however, its pathogenesis still needs further research. FEZF1- AS1 is highly expressed in colon cancer and other malignant tumors, and is associated with clinicopathological features and prognosis of colon cancer patients. In addition, FEZF1- AS1 promotes the proliferation, invasion and migration of colon cancer cells, regulates the cell cycle and inhibits apoptosis through various mechanisms, suggesting that FEZF1- AS1 may be a new important molecular biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for colon cancer. This article reviews the advances in the study of function and mechanism of FEZF1- AS1 in colon cancer.

Expression of microRNA-21 in multiple myeloma patients and its clinical significances / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To investigate the expression of miRNA-21 in serum of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and its significance.Methods:The data of 55 MM patients and 20 healthy controls in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from July 2019 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Among the MM patients, 20 cases were diagnosed without treatment, 15 cases were in complete remission (CR), and 20 cases were clinically relapsed. Blood samples were collected from all subjects, and the relative expression levels of miRNA-21 were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the correlation of miRNA-21 expression with β 2-macroglobulin (β 2-MG), creatinine, hemoglobin, albumin, t(4;14) mutation, 13q14 mutation and prognosis were analyzed. The MM cell line LP-1 was selected, and normal bone marrow CD138-positive plasma cells were sorted by immunomagnetic beads as control cells. The relative expression levels of miRNA-21 in the two groups of cells were detected by qRT-PCR. Results:The serum relative expression level of miRNA-21 in MM group was higher than that in healthy control group (1.50±0.10 vs. 1.03±0.06, t = 7.04, P = 0.002). The serum expressions of miRNA-21 in newly diagnosed untreated MM patients and relapsed/refractory MM patients were high (1.50±0.10 and 3.13±0.32), and compared with the healthy control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 7.04 and 10.22, both P < 0.05). The relative expression level of miRNA-21 in MM patients with complete remission (CR) was 1.27±0.25, which had no significant difference compared with the healthy control group ( t = 1.76, P = 0.152). The serum expression level of miRNA-21 in MM patients with high β 2-MG, high creatinine, low hemoglobin, low albumin, t(4;14) mutation, 13q14 mutation, non-remission and recurrence was significantly increased (all P < 0.05). The relative expression level of miRNA-21 in LP-1 cell line was higher than that in control cells (1.56±0.05 vs. 1.00±0.06), and the difference was statistically significant ( t = 11.73, P < 0.01). Conclusions:The miRNA-21 may be a molecular marker to assist in the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of MM.

Biomarcadores na bexiga hiperativa: artigo de revisão / Biomarkers in overactive bladder: review article

A bexiga hiperativa caracteriza-se pela urgência miccional, geralmente acompa- nhada de noctúria e aumento da frequência urinária. Trata-se de afecção preva- lente, com enorme comprometimento da qualidade de vida, em todos os seus as- pectos. Diversos biomarcadores vêm sendo estudados para melhor caracterização dos diferentes fenótipos da afecção, entre eles as neurotrofinas urinárias, o ATP, a genômica e a microbiota urinária. Acredita-se que tal caracterização poderá ter implicações para prevenção, fisiopatologia e individualização do tratamento.(AU)

The overactive bladder is characterized by urinary urgency, usually accompanied by nocturia and increased urinary frequency. It is a prevalent condition, with enormous impairment of quality of life, in all its aspects. Several biomarkers have been studied to better characterize the different phenotypes of the condition, including urinary neurotrophins, ATP, genomics and urinary microbiota. It is believed that such charac- terization may have implications for prevention, pathophysiology and individualiza- tion of treatment.(AU)

Expression of farnesoid X receptor in colorectal cancer and its clinical significance / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the expression changes of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in the evolution of normal intestinal mucosa, colorectal adenoma (CRA) and colorectal cancer (CRC), and the correlation of FXR expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with colorectal tumors.Methods:The UALCAN website tool was used to analyze the expression level of FXR gene transcripts of CRC and normal colorectal tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The patients undergoing colonoscopy and treatment in the Aerospace Center Hospital from January 2019 to September 2020 were selected, and the immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of FXR protein in 100 CRA tissues, 47 CRC tissues and 11 normal colonic mucosal tissues from healthy people (healthy control). Combining with clinical data, the relationship between FXR protein expression and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with colorectal tumors was analyzed. According to the Kaplan-Meier Plotter online database, the median expression level of FXR gene transcripts in CRC patients was analyzed, and the patients were divided into FXR low-expression group and high-expression group, the relationship between the expression of FXR gene and prognosis of CRC patients was investigated.Results:The analysis of data from TCGA database showed that the expression level of FXR gene transcripts in CRC tissues was lower than that in normal colorectal tissues ( P < 0.01). Immunohistochemical examination of the collected tissues showed that the positive rate of FXR protein gradually decreased from the cecum to the rectum. The positive rates of FXR protein in healthy control, CRA patients and CRC patients were 90.9% (10/11), 24.0% (24/100), 6.3% (3/47), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 35.56, P < 0.01); the positive rate of FXR protein in cancer tissues from CRC patients was lower than that in normal tissues adjacent to cancer [6.3% (3/47) vs. 65.2% (15/23)], and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 27.98, P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the positive rate of FXR among CRA patients with different gender, age, maximum diameter of adenoma, and aggression (all P > 0.05). There was also no statistical difference in the positive rate of FXR among CRC patients with different gender, age, tumor site, maximum diameter of tumor, degree of differentiation, TNM staging, and vascular tumor thrombus (all P > 0.05). According to the survival analysis of Kaplan-Meier Plotter online database, the recurrence-free survival of CRC patients with high expression of FXR was better than that of patients with low expression of FXR ( P = 0.003). Conclusions:The expression level of FXR gradually decreases in the intestinal tissues of healthy people, CRA patients and CRC patients. The prognosis of CRC patients with low FXR expression is poor.

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of anti-MDA5 antibody-related dermatomyositis / 中华检验医学杂志

Dermatomyositis (DM) with positive anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibodies (MDA5+DM) is a kind of occasional and rare autoimmune disease. Due to the fact that MDA5+DM patients are prone to suffer from the rapid progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD), and the mortality rate is extremely high (all-cause mortality at 6 months is almost 50%). In addition to lung disease, patients with MDA5+DM also suffering from the skin and muscle symptoms. The biomarkers represented by the anti-MDA5 antibody titer, ferritin, KL-6 level and CD4 +/CXCR4 +T cell percentage are considered to relate with MDA5+DM-ILD′s severity, activity evaluation, therapeutic effect monitoring, and prognosis prediction. The current therapeutic strategies for the disease is mainly combined with immunosuppression. This work systemly summarizes the diagnosis and treatment progress of anti-mda5 antibody-related dermatomyositis, which not only contributes to the research work of related disciplines, but also provides reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

《2020 ESC/HFA Role of serum biomarkers in cancer patients receiving cardiotoxic cancer therapies》: What is new? / 中华检验医学杂志

Detection of serum biomarkers is an important strategy for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The roles of serum biomarker detection have become increasingly valuable in the baseline risk stratification among cancer patients in recent years. The Cardio-oncology Study Group of the Heart Failure Association and the Cardio-Oncology Council of the European Society of Cardiology newly proposed the “role of serum biomarkers in cancer patients receiving cardiotoxic cancer therapies”. By evaluating the characteristics of cardiac biomarkers in cancer patients receiving cardiotoxic cancer therapy, this statement discussed the mechanism, clinical application, value on monitoring and prognosis of the two main biomarkers,cardiac troponin and natriuretic peptide on chemotherapy induced cardiac toxic responses. The purpose of this statement is to help establish the multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment strategies and provide a clinical framework, and guide clinicians to select appropriate serum biomarker monitoring programs based on risk stratification to prevent cardiovascular disease in cancer patients.

Role of oxidized low density lipoprotein in the diagnosis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease / 中华检验医学杂志

As a critical factor of atherosclerosis (AS), oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) plays a crucial role in damaging vascular endothelial cells, promoting monocyte adhesion, inducing formation of foam cells and thrombosis. Many scholars have found that oxLDL could be used as a circulating biomarker for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this manuscript, research progress on the mechanism of oxLDL in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis, as well as using oxLDL as a diagnostic biomarker of atherosclerosis related diseases were systemically reviewed.

Research advances on circulating exosomal microRNAs as novel biomarkers of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases / 中华检验医学杂志

Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) from various cell sources in the cardiovascular system are involved in the regulation of diverse biological processes such as angiogenesis, myocardial remodeling, inflammation and plaque rupture, and may function as promising liquid biomarkers for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). Expression analysis of exosomal miRNAs can be employed for monitoring ASCVD progression and evaluating treatment efficiency. This review focused on recent research advances regarding exosomal miRNAs in the field of ASCVD laboratory medicine, and summarized the future research trends and application prospects of circulating exosomal miRNAs in the field of ASCVD.